{"id":21490,"date":"2022-10-10T11:55:40","date_gmt":"2022-10-10T03:55:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=21490"},"modified":"2022-10-10T11:55:40","modified_gmt":"2022-10-10T03:55:40","slug":"thermodynamics-of-materials","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/%e6%9d%90%e6%96%99%e3%81%ae%e7%86%b1%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6750\u6599\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u306e\u6982\u8981<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Changes in thermal effects usually accompany all physical, chemical, and metabolic reactions occurring in nature. People’s understanding of the nature of heat has undergone a long and tortuous journey of exploration.<\/p>\n

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Boltzmann et al. combined quantum mechanics with classical thermodynamics to form statistical thermodynamics. Statistical thermodynamics belongs to the microscopic-to-macroscopic approach, which starts from the properties of microscopic particles and defines the system or particle’s partition function by finding the statistical probability, which is used as a bridge to establish the connection with the macroscopic properties.<\/p>\n

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\u7269\u8cea\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u3068\u5c55\u958b<\/h2>\n

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In June 2011, the U.S. announced a $500 million Advanced Manufacturing Partnership, one of the core elements of which is the Materials Genome Initiative (MGI). “The MGI aims to provide the necessary toolset for the development of new materials, reduce the reliance on physical experiments through powerful computational analysis, and significantly accelerate the variety and speed of new materials brought to market by advances in experimentation and characterization, reducing the development cycle from the current 10-20 years to 2-3 years.<\/p>\n

Materials thermodynamics studies the melting and solidification of solid materials, solid-state phase transitions, phase equilibrium relationships and compositions, microstructural stability, and the direction and driving force of phase transitions. In order to describe the free energy, enthalpy, entropy, etc. of various types of phases, various image-only or statistical thermodynamic models have been proposed, such as the ideal solute model, the regular solute model, the subregular solute model, the quasi-chemical model, the atomic sum model, the central atom model, the double sub dot model, the variational group model (CVM), the Bragg-Williams approximation, the Bethe approximation, the Ising approximation, Miedema approximation, etc. Diffusion is the main content of kinetic studies, including the formation and growth of nuclei during solidification, as well as homogenization, distribution, and redistribution of solute atoms in the alloy during heat treatment, which can be deduced from Fick’s first and second laws.<\/p>\n

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1\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u56f3: \u5b9f\u9a13\u7684\u624b\u6bb5 (DSC\u3001DTA\u3001TG\u3001X \u7dda\u56de\u6298\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30d6 \u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u9818\u57df\u7d44\u6210\u5206\u6790\u306a\u3069) \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u4e8c\u5143\u7cfb\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4e09\u5143\u7cfb\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u8a08\u7b97\u76f8\u56f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u308b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u76f8\u56f3\u306f\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u305b\u305a\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u76f8\u56f3\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u6cd5\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u30d0\u30a4\u30ca\u30ea\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5c11\u6570\u306e\u30ec\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u307f\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4e09\u5143\u7cfb\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u72b6\u614b\u56f3\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u306f\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u7d50\u5408\u3067\u3059\u3002 Thermo-Calc\u3001Pandat\u3001FactSage\u3001Mtdata\u3001JMatPro \u306a\u3069\u3001\u56fd\u969b\u7684\u306b\u6709\u540d\u306a\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f CALPHAD \u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002CALPHAD \u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u306e\u6eb6\u8cea\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u6e96\u6b63\u5247\u6eb6\u8cea\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u56f3\u306b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7cfb\u5185\u306e\u5404\u76f8\u306e\u7279\u6027\u3092\u3082\u3068\u306b\u3001\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u3001\u76f8\u5e73\u8861\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3001\u7d50\u6676\u69cb\u9020\u306a\u3069\u30921\u3064\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3001\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u81ea\u7531\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u5f0f\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u76f8\u56f3\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u305f\u56f33\u3002\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u591a\u76f8\u5e73\u8861\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u56f3\u3068\u3001\u5404\u76f8\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u6700\u9069\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001Cui-Ping Wang\u3001Xing-Jun Liu\u3001\u5927\u6cbc\u90c1\u592b\u3089\u3002 CALPHAD\u6cd5\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001Cu-Ni-Sn\u4e09\u5143\u7cfb\u306e\u5404\u76f8\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u3001\u56f3 4 \u306b\u793a\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u5024\u3068\u3088\u304f\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u4e09\u5143\u7cfb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b bcc \u76f8\u306e\u79e9\u5e8f - \u7121\u79e9\u5e8f\u8ee2\u79fb\u3068 fcc \u76f8\u306e\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u30ae\u30e3\u30c3\u30d7\u3082\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 -\u6c88\u6bbf\u4fc3\u9032\u3068\u30b9\u30d4\u30ce\u30fc\u30c0\u30eb\u5206\u89e3\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f\u3001\u5f37\u5ea6\u3068\u9ad8\u4f1d\u5c0e\u6027\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044 Cu-Sn \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30b9\u30d4\u30ce\u30fc\u30c0\u30eb\u5206\u89e3\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f\u65b0\u3057\u3044 Cu \u57fa\u5408\u91d1\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u5c0e\u96fb\u7387 [3]\u3002
\n\u901f\u5ea6\u8ad6\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u306f\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u8a08\u7b97\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3092\u5909\u6570\u3068\u3059\u308b\u62e1\u6563\u901f\u5ea6\u8ad6\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u539f\u5b50\u79fb\u52d5\u5ea6\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u3001\u591a\u6570\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u6750\u6599\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u6642\u9593\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6750\u6599\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u306e\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u5206\u91ce\u3078\u306e\u5fdc\u7528<\/h2>\n

\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u3001\u52d5\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6750\u6599\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5074\u9762\u306f\u5bc6\u63a5\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\u306e\u5fae\u7d30\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7279\u6027\u306f\u3001\u51dd\u56fa\u304a\u3088\u3073\u71b1\u51e6\u7406\u4e2d\u306b\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u76f8\u3068\u5fae\u7d30\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u9032\u5316\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001Al-Cu\u7cfb\u5408\u91d1\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u56fa\u6eb6\u6642\u306b\u6eb6\u8cea\u539f\u5b50\u304c\u904e\u98fd\u548c\u30fb\u6790\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u7403\u5bfe\u79f0\u306e\u6b6a\u307f\u304c\u751f\u3058\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6642\u52b9\u786c\u5316\u4e2d\u3001GP \u30be\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u6700\u521d\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u4f4e\u5c48\u6298\u7387\u306e\u7d50\u6676\u9762\u3067\u6eb6\u8cea\u539f\u5b50\u306e\u51dd\u96c6\u3068\u79e9\u5e8f\u5316\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u975e\u5171\u7c92\u72b6\u30b7\u30fc\u30bf (Al2Cu) \u5e73\u8861\u76f8\u304c\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u51dd\u56fa\u6642\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5747\u8cea\u5316\u6642\u306b\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b\u76f8\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u304c 0.5 \u03bcm \u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8ca0\u8377\u6642\u306b\u754c\u9762\u3067\u8ee2\u4f4d\u306e\u9589\u585e\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u3001\u4e80\u88c2\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u304c 0.005 \uff5e 0.05 \u03bcm \u3067\u3001\u7d30\u304b\u3044\u62e1\u6563\u5206\u5e03\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u518d\u7d50\u6676\u3068\u7c92\u6210\u9577\u3092\u59a8\u3052\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u3001\u71b1\u7406\u8ad6\u3068\u52d5\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8ad6\u306f\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u6750\u6599\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u6d78\u900f\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306a\u7406\u8ad6\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5206\u6790\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

(1) \u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u9244\u92fc\u696d<\/h3>\n

\u9244\u92fc\u7dcf\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u92fc\u6750\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u6a5f\u95a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u305f\u6700\u521d\u306e\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e 1 \u3064\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30cb\u30c3\u30b1\u30eb\u3092\u7bc0\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u30b9\u30c6\u30f3\u30ec\u30b9\u92fc\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001VN \u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30a2\u30ed\u30a4\u3067\u5b9f\u308a\u3042\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6280\u8853\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073 LNG \u7528\u306e 9 Ni \u4f4e\u6e29\u92fc [4]\u3002<\/p>\n

(2) \u91d1\u5c5e\u57fa\u8907\u5408\u6750<\/h3>\n

Fan Tongxiang\u3001Li Jianguo\u3001Sun Zuqing \u306a\u3069\u306f\u3001\u5f37\u5316\u76f8\u3068\u30de\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u754c\u9762\u306e\u9593\u306e\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u5236\u5fa1\u3001\u53cd\u5fdc\u81ea\u751f\u5f37\u5316\u76f8\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3001\u8907\u5408\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u304a\u3088\u3073\u52d5\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f\u8abf\u88fd\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9[5]\u3002\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6750\u6599\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u3001 \u30b7\u30f3\u30bf\u30fcHIP<\/a> \u30bf\u30f3\u30b0\u30b9\u30c6\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30d0\u30a4\u30c9\u88fd\u9020\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3002<\/p>\n

(3) \u30ca\u30ce\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb<\/a><\/h3>\n

2000 \u5e74\u3001\u7c73\u56fd\u30a2\u30ea\u30be\u30ca\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u306e Chamberlin \u306f\u3001\u5f37\u78c1\u6027\u4f53\u306e\u81e8\u754c\u6319\u52d5\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067 Nanothermodynamics \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7528\u8a9e\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5927\u9023\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306e\u30ca\u30ce\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u6210\u9577\u3068\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u7279\u6027\u306b\u5bfe\u51e6\u3059\u308b\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u30ca\u30ce\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u304c\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5b9f\u8a3c\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30ca\u30ce\u6750\u6599\u306e\u5bb9\u91cf[6]\u3002<\/p>\n

(4) \u5f62\u72b6\u8a18\u61b6\u5408\u91d1<\/h3>\n

Lidija GOMIDZELOVIC \u4ed6Muggianu \u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u5b9f\u9a13\u3068\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u3001Thermo-Calc \u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066 293 K \u3067\u5f62\u72b6\u8a18\u61b6\u5408\u91d1 Cu-Al-Zn \u306e\u72b6\u614b\u56f3\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u7279\u6027\u3092\u8abf\u67fb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f [7]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001Mg \u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u6c34\u7d20\u8caf\u8535\u6750\u6599\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30a7\u30f3\u754c\u9762\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5438\u7740\u7279\u6027\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc \u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6750\u6599\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u306e\u52d5\u5411<\/h2>\n

\u5b9f\u7528\u7684\u306a\u6750\u6599\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u5b89\u5b9a\u306a\u3082\u306e\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306a\u304f\u3001\u62e1\u6563\u3001\u76f8\u5909\u5316\u3001\u8ee2\u4f4d\u306e\u751f\u6210\u3001\u904b\u52d5\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u6750\u6599\u306e\u5909\u5f62\u3084\u7834\u58ca\u306b\u306f\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u304c\u95a2\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001CALPHAD \u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u4ed6\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u3068\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u5b9f\u7528\u5316\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u3001\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6c4e\u95a2\u6570\u7406\u8ad6 (DFT)\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u591a\u76f8\u5834\u6cd5 (MFM) \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u51b6\u91d1\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u3001\u786c\u5ea6\u3001\u5f37\u5ea6\u3001\u4f38\u3073\u306a\u3069\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 CCT\u3001TTT \u76f8\u8ee2\u79fb\u66f2\u7dda\u3001\u7c92\u5b50\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3001\u5f62\u614b\u306a\u3069\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u30bb\u30eb\u3068\u6790\u51fa\u76f8\u306e\u6838\u751f\u6210\u3001\u6210\u9577\u3001\u7c97\u5927\u5316\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002CCT \u304a\u3088\u3073 TTT \u76f8\u8ee2\u79fb\u66f2\u7dda\u3001\u7c92\u5b50\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3001\u6838\u751f\u6210\u901f\u5ea6\u306a\u3069\u306e\u6750\u6599\u7279\u6027\u304c\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 .<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6750\u6599\u8a2d\u8a08\u6bb5\u968e\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u3068\u52d5\u529b\u5b66\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a08\u7b97\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u306e\u9032\u5316\u3068\u6750\u6599\u306e\u5de8\u8996\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u6750\u6599\u306e\u751f\u7523\u3068\u6e96\u5099\u3068\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306e\u5168\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6e96\u5099\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u4e2d\u306b\u7d44\u7e54\u306e\u7279\u6027\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8abf\u6574\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u71b1\u7684\u304a\u3088\u3073\u52d5\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u6750\u6599\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u306a\u50be\u5411\u3067\u3059[8,9]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n

[1] Xu Zuyao\u3001\u6750\u6599\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u3001Higher Education Press\u30012009<\/p>\n

[2] Dai Zhanhai\u3001Lu Jintang\u3001Kong Gang\u3002\u72b6\u614b\u56f3\u8a08\u7b97\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u9032\u5c55[J]\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb \u30aa\u30d6 \u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30ba \u30ea\u30b5\u30fc\u30c1\u30012006\u30014(20): 94-97<\/p>\n

[3] Cui-Ping Wang\u3001Xing-Jun Liu\u3001Yun-Qing Ma\u3001\u5927\u6cbc\u90c1\u592b\u3001Ryo-Suke Kaiinuma\u3001\u77f3\u7530\u6e05\u4eba\u3002 Cu-Ni-Sn\u4e09\u5143\u7cfb\u306e\u76f8\u5e73\u8861\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8a08\u7b97[J]\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u975e\u9244\u91d1\u5c5e\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u30012005(11): 202-207\u3002<\/p>\n

[4] \u6771\u6069\u9f8d\u3001\u6731\u82f1\u5149\u3001\u6f58\u6fe4\u3002 LNG \u7528 9Ni \u4f4e\u6e29\u5727\u529b\u5bb9\u5668\u92fc\u677f\u306e\u958b\u767a [C]\u3001\u5168\u56fd\u4f4e\u5408\u91d1\u92fc\u5e74\u6b21\u5927\u4f1a\u306e\u8b70\u4e8b\u9332\u3002 Beidaihe: \u4e2d\u56fd\u91d1\u5c5e\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f4e\u5408\u91d1\u92fc\u652f\u90e8\u30012008: 741-749<\/p>\n

[5] \u30d5\u30a1\u30f3\u30fb\u30c8\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30f3\u3001\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u3001\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30fb\u30c7\u30a3\u3002\u91d1\u5c5e\u30de\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u8907\u5408\u6750\u6599\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u3068\u52d5\u529b\u5b66\u306e\u9032\u6b69 [J]\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6750\u6599\u306e\u9032\u6b69\u30012010\u300129(04): 23-27<\/p>\n

[6]\u30b8\u30e3\u30f3\u30fb\u30b8\u30e5\u30f3\u30a4\u30f3\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30f3\u30fb\u30b6\u30a4\u30a4\u30f3\u3001\u30df\u30fb\u30e4\u30f3\u3001\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30e4\u30f3\u30d5\u30a7\u30f3\u3001\u30e6\u30a2\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30a4\u30af\u30f3\u3002\u30ca\u30ce\u6750\u6599\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u306e\u73fe\u72b6\u3068\u5c55\u671b[J]\u3002\u5316\u5b66\u306e\u9032\u6b69\u30012010\u300122(06):1058-1067\u3002<\/p>\n

[7] Lidija GOMIDZELOVIC\u3001Emina POZEGA\u3001Ana KOSTOV\u3001Nikola VUKOVIC\u3001\u5f62\u72b6\u8a18\u61b6 Cu-Al-Zn \u5408\u91d1 [J] \u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u3068\u7279\u6027\u8a55\u4fa1\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u975e\u9244\u91d1\u5c5e\u5b66\u4f1a\u8a8c\u30012015\u300125(08): 2630-2636<\/p>\n

[8]Liux J\u3001Takaku Y\u3001\u5927\u6cbc\u4e00\u3001\u4ed6\u8a08\u7b97\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u304a\u3088\u3073\u52d5\u529b\u5b66\u306b\u3088\u308b\u96fb\u5b50\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u925b\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u306f\u3093\u3060\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08 [J]\u3002\u6750\u6599\u3068\u51b6\u91d1\u306e\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u30012005\u30014(2): 122-125<\/p>\n

[9] Chen Q\u3001Jeppsson J\u3001Agren J. \u591a\u6210\u5206\u7cfb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u6210\u9577\u4e2d\u306e\u62e1\u6563\u306e\u5206\u6790\u51e6\u7406 [J]\u3002 Acta Materialia\u30012008 \u5e74\u300156:1890-1896<\/p><\/div>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Overview of thermodynamics Changes in thermal effects usually accompany all physical, chemical, and metabolic reactions occurring in nature. People’s understanding of the nature of heat has undergone a long and tortuous journey of exploration. In the early 20th century, Planck, Poincare, Gibbs, and other scientists took macroscopic systems as the object of study, based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and defined functions such as enthalpy, entropy, Helmholtz and Gibbs, together with objective properties such as P, V, and T that can be directly measured. After inductive and deductive reasoning, a series of thermodynamic formulas and conclusions were obtained, which were used to solve energy, phase, and reaction….<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21491,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Thermodynamics-of-Materials.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21490"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21490"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21490\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21491"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}