{"id":3939,"date":"2019-12-06T05:33:54","date_gmt":"2019-12-06T05:33:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mcctcarbide.com\/?p=3939"},"modified":"2020-05-06T01:59:02","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T01:59:02","slug":"to-prolong-a-tool-life-at-high-cutting-speed-what-signs-of-wear-should-we-stay-alert-to","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/yuksek-kesme-hizinda-bir-takim-omrunu-uzatmak-icin\/","title":{"rendered":"Tak\u0131m Kesme \u00d6mr\u00fcn\u00fc Y\u00fcksek Kesme H\u0131z\u0131yla Uzatmak \u0130\u00e7in Hangi A\u015f\u0131nma \u0130\u015faretlerine Dikkat Etmeliyiz?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Metal kesme i\u015flemindeki g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcketimi, kesme \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme \u015feklinde ifade edilir. Bu fakt\u00f6rler, tak\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek y\u00fczey y\u00fck\u00fc ve y\u00fcksek kesme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015fleme ko\u015fullar\u0131nda yapar. Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedeni, tala\u015f\u0131n aletin \u00f6n y\u00fcz\u00fc boyunca y\u00fcksek h\u0131zda kaymas\u0131 ve kesme kenar\u0131nda y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme \u00fcretmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fleme s\u00fcrecinde kesici, bile\u015fenin mikro yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki sert noktay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lar veya kesik keserek kesme kuvvetinin dalgalanmas\u0131na neden olabilir. Bu nedenle, kesici alet y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k dayan\u0131m\u0131, y\u00fcksek tokluk, y\u00fcksek a\u015f\u0131nma direnci ve y\u00fcksek sertlik \u00f6zelliklerine sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Yiv a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131lda, kesici tak\u0131mlar\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok say\u0131da ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Neredeyse t\u00fcm tak\u0131m malzemelerinin a\u015f\u0131nma oran\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen anahtar fakt\u00f6rlerden biri, i\u015fleme s\u00fcrecinde elde edilen kesme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, kesme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hesaplamas\u0131 parametrelerini tan\u0131mlamak zordur, ancak deneysel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ampirik form\u00fcl i\u00e7in temel sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genel olarak, kesme i\u015fleminde \u00fcretilen t\u00fcm enerjinin kesme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve kesme \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 80%'sinin tala\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Say\u0131sal de\u011fer baz\u0131 fakt\u00f6rlerle de\u011fi\u015fecektir ve kesme h\u0131z\u0131 ana fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Bu alete yakla\u015f\u0131k 20% \u0131s\u0131 girmesine neden olur. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu \u00e7elik kesilse bile, tak\u0131m s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 HSS'nin ta\u015f\u0131yabilece\u011fi en y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k olan 550 \u2103 de\u011ferini a\u015fabilir. CBN arac\u0131 ile sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00e7elik keserken, tak\u0131m ve \u00e7ip s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1000 exceed a\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak\u0131m a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tak\u0131m a\u015f\u0131nma modelleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kategorilere ayr\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arka kesici y\u00fcz\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yiv a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

krater a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kesme kenar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kmesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131cak \u00e7atlak<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seri \u00e7ekim hatas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu anda, sekt\u00f6rde tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn evrensel olarak kabul edilmi\u015f birle\u015fik tan\u0131m\u0131 yoktur. \u0130\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 malzemesi ve kesme teknolojisi i\u00e7in tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmek gerekir. Tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7menin bir y\u00f6ntemi, arka y\u00fcz\u00fcn kabul edilebilir bir maksimum a\u015f\u0131nma de\u011ferini, yani VB veya VBmax'\u0131 tan\u0131mlamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Arka kesici y\u00fcz\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Matematiksel bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fclle ifade edilebilir. Taylor form\u00fcl\u00fc, tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc tahmini i\u00e7in iyi bir yakla\u015f\u0131k hesaplama y\u00f6ntemi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vctn = C, Taylor form\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn genel formudur. \u0130lgili parametreler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

VC = kesme h\u0131z\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T = tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D = kesme derinli\u011fi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

F = ilerleme h\u0131z\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X ve y deneylerle belirlenir. N ve C deneyler veya ampirik de\u011ferler ile belirlenen sabitlerdir. Farkl\u0131 tak\u0131m malzemeleri, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 malzemeleri ve ilerleme oranlar\u0131 nedeniyle farkl\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pratik bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 alet a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamak ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmek i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 ana unsura dikkat edilmelidir: alt tabaka, kaplama ve kesici kenar i\u015flemi. Her eleman metal kesmenin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 veya ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgilidir. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 eleman, tala\u015f k\u0131v\u0131rma olu\u011funun \u015fekli ve tak\u0131m ucunun radyus yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 ile birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde, her bir arac\u0131n uygulanabilir malzemelerini ve uygulama durumlar\u0131n\u0131 belirler. Yukar\u0131daki t\u00fcm parametreler, kesme tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n uzun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve son olarak i\u015fleme ekonomisini ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini yans\u0131t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

matris<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A\u015f\u0131nma direnci ve toklu\u011fa sahip tungsten karb\u00fcr tak\u0131mlar\u0131n daha geni\u015f bir i\u015fleme uygulamalar\u0131 yelpazesi vard\u0131r. Tak\u0131m tedarik\u00e7ileri, matrisin performans\u0131n\u0131 kavramak i\u00e7in genellikle WC tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 0,3 \u03bcm ila 5 \u03bcm aras\u0131nda kontrol eder. WC tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn tak\u0131m kesme performans\u0131 \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi vard\u0131r. WC tane boyutu ne kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olursa, tak\u0131m o kadar a\u015f\u0131nmaya dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r; aksine WC tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olursa tak\u0131m sertli\u011fi o kadar iyidir. Ultra ince taneli matristen yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u0131\u00e7aklar esas olarak titanyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131, Inconel ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 vb.Gibi havac\u0131l\u0131k end\u00fcstrisinde i\u015flenmi\u015f malzemeleri i\u015flemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Birikim t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ek olarak, matrisin toklu\u011fu, kobalt i\u00e7eri\u011fi 6%'den 12%'ye ayarlanarak \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015ftirilebilir. Bu nedenle, sadece metal i\u015fleme uygulamas\u0131nda tokluk ve a\u015f\u0131nma direnci i\u00e7in aletin gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in matris malzemesinin bile\u015fimini ayarlamak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Matrisin \u00f6zellikleri, sadece y\u00fczey tabakas\u0131na biti\u015fik kobalt a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin tabaka ile de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u00e7imentolu karb\u00fcre, titanyum karb\u00fcr (TIC), tantal karb\u00fcr (TAC) gibi di\u011fer ala\u015f\u0131m elementleri se\u00e7ici olarak ilave edilerek, vanadyum karb\u00fcr (VC) ve niyobyum karb\u00fcr (NBC). Kobalt y\u00f6n\u00fcnden zengin katman, tak\u0131m\u0131n kaba i\u015fleme ve aral\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015fleme uygulamalar\u0131nda m\u00fckemmel performansa sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan kesme kenar\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131cak \u00e7atlak<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 malzemesini e\u015fle\u015ftirmek ve spesifik i\u015fleme gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in, uygun matrisi se\u00e7erken a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki be\u015f fiziksel \u00f6zellik dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r: darbe toklu\u011fu, enine k\u0131r\u0131lma mukavemeti, bas\u0131n\u00e7 mukavemeti, sertlik ve termal darbe toklu\u011fu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaplama<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu anda, piyasadaki ana kaplama malzemeleri \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Titanyum nitr\u00fcr (TIN) - genellikle PVD kaplama, y\u00fcksek sertlik ve y\u00fcksek oksidasyon direnci s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerine sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Titanyum nitr\u00fcr karb\u00fcr (TiCN) - karbon ilavesi, kaplaman\u0131n sertli\u011fini ve kendi kendini ya\u011flama \u00f6zelli\u011fini art\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir al\u00fcmina tabakas\u0131ndan olu\u015fan titanyum al\u00fcminyum nitr\u00fcr (TiAlN veya AlTiN), \u00f6zellikle yar\u0131 kuru \/ kuru kesme i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek kesme s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131na sahip uygulamalarda tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzat\u0131r. TiAlN kaplama ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, al\u00fcminyumun titanyumun farkl\u0131 oran\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kaplaman\u0131n y\u00fczey sertli\u011fi daha y\u00fcksektir. Bu kaplama \u015femas\u0131 y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 i\u015fleme uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok uygundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom nitr\u00fcr (CRN) - y\u00fcksek sertlik ve y\u00fcksek a\u015f\u0131nma direnci avantajlar\u0131yla, tala\u015f birikimine direnmek i\u00e7in ilk tercih edilen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elmas (PCD) - \u00f6zellikle grafit, metal matris kompozit, y\u00fcksek silikon al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve di\u011fer ta\u015flama malzemelerinin i\u015flenmesi i\u00e7in demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 malzemelerin en iyi i\u015fleme performans\u0131na sahiptir. \u00c7eli\u011fin i\u015flenmesi uygun de\u011fildir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kimyasal reaksiyon kaplama ve substrat kombinasyonunu tahrip edecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

krater a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Son y\u0131llarda kaplama malzemelerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve pazar talebindeki b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin analizi ile PVD kaplamal\u0131 tak\u0131mlar\u0131n CVD kaplamal\u0131 tak\u0131mlardan daha pop\u00fcler oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rebiliriz. CVD kaplama kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 genellikle 5-15 mikron aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

PVD kaplaman\u0131n kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 genellikle 2-6 \u03bc M aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Alt tabakan\u0131n \u00fcst y\u00fczeyine CVD kaplama uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, CVD kaplamada \u00e7ekme gerilimi \u00fcretilirken, PVD kaplamada s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma gerilimi \u00fcretilir. Bu iki fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn, \u00f6zellikle aral\u0131kl\u0131 kesim veya s\u00fcrekli i\u015flemede tak\u0131m performans\u0131 \u00fczerinde kesme kenar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli bir etkisi vard\u0131r. Kaplama i\u015flemine yeni ala\u015f\u0131m elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n eklenmesi, sadece kaplaman\u0131n yap\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda kaplaman\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in de yararl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u0131\u00e7ak kesici kenar i\u015flemi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bir\u00e7ok durumda, son teknoloji tedavi (pasivasyon) i\u015flemenin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 veya ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirler. Pasivasyon parametreleri \u00f6nceden ayarlanm\u0131\u015f uygulama taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00e7eli\u011fin y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 finisaj\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli kesme kenar\u0131 i\u015flemi, kaba i\u015fleme i\u00e7in kullan\u0131landan tamamen farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genel olarak, s\u00fcrekli tornalama, \u00e7o\u011fu \u00e7elik ve d\u00f6kme demirin frezelenmesi gibi kesici kenar\u0131n pasifle\u015ftirilmesini gerektirir. \u015eiddetli aral\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015fleme i\u00e7in, pasivasyon parametrelerini veya t-land kesme kenar\u0131n\u0131n pah k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aksine, paslanmaz \u00e7elik veya s\u00fcper ala\u015f\u0131m i\u015flerken, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir pasivasyon yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 pasifle\u015ftirmek ve keskin bir kesme kenar\u0131 benimsemek gerekir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu t\u00fcr malzemeleri i\u015flerken tala\u015f birikimi \u00fcretmek kolayd\u0131r. Benzer \u015fekilde, al\u00fcminyum i\u015flenirken keskin bir kesme kenar\u0131 da gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geometride, iska, profili eksen boyunca silindirik bir y\u00fczeye kademeli olarak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan helisel bir kesme kenar\u0131na sahip \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u0131\u00e7aklar sunar. Spiral b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fc bir sarmalla benzerdir. Spiral kenar tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n avantajlar\u0131ndan biri, kesme i\u015flemini p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hale getirmek, \u00e7at\u0131rt\u0131y\u0131 azaltmak ve daha y\u00fcksek y\u00fczey kalitesi elde etmektir. Ek olarak, spiral kesme kenar\u0131 daha fazla kesme y\u00fck\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131yabilir, bu da kesme kuvvetini azaltabilir ve ayn\u0131 anda daha fazla metali kald\u0131rabilir. Sarmal kesme tak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer avantaj\u0131, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir kesme kuvvetine ve \u0131s\u0131ya sahip olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in daha uzun bir tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcne sahip olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The power consumption in the process of metal cutting is expressed in the form of cutting heat and friction. These factors make the tool in bad machining conditions, with high surface load and high cutting temperature. The reason for high temperature is that the chip slides along the front face of the tool at high…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19284,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/\u56fe\u72471-5.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3939"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3939"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3939\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19284"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}