{"id":18366,"date":"2019-11-30T06:57:03","date_gmt":"2019-11-30T06:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=13847"},"modified":"2020-05-07T02:14:42","modified_gmt":"2020-05-07T02:14:42","slug":"general-comparison-between-cast-iron-and-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/so-sanh-chung-giua-gang-va-thep\/","title":{"rendered":"So s\u00e1nh chung gi\u1eefa gang v\u00e0 th\u00e9p"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


Gang v\u00e0 th\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tha th\u1ee9 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u1ebb s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon <\/h2>\n\n\n\n


Both iron and steel are ferrous metals mainly composed of iron atoms. In manufacturing, however, it’s not that simple. There are many different alloys and grades. In fact, carbon composition is the main difference between cast iron and steel. Cast iron usually contains more than 2.5% carbon, while cast steel usually contains 0.2-0.6% carbon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n


T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung sai c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1edbp ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f3 gia c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3i chung, kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p kim cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p.
Gang th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n th\u00e9p. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac graphit trong gang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. S\u1eaft c\u1ee9ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eaft tr\u1eafng, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 gia c\u00f4ng v\u00ec t\u00ednh gi\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.
\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 c\u1eaft, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n. Th\u00e9p c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon cao c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n


B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t, b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o hai d\u1ea1ng kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1eaft x\u00e1m v\u00e0 th\u00e9p cacbon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n


Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi s\u1eaft v\u00e0 th\u00e9p l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd s\u1edbm nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 co ng\u00f3t. Gang t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 \u0111\u00fac v\u00ec d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb co ng\u00f3t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u00edt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho gang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng phu nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1.
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u. Khu v\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a gang s\u1ebd ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 co l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, trong khi khu v\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n d\u00e0y h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.
V\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac th\u00e9p \u0111\u00fac<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n


\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n n\u00e9n l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ra xa nhau. C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ni\u00eam phong l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. N\u00f3i chung, gang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n n\u00e9n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp<\/h2>\n\n\n\n


Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gang d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e9p, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e9p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp. Th\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n cong, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c g\u00e3y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do t\u00ednh d\u1ebbo dai c\u1ee7a n\u00f3: n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cao v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng l\u1edbn.
\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng d\u1ebbo d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y gi\u00f2n g\u00e3y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Gang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo. V\u00ec t\u00ednh gi\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a gang b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.
\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y cao kh\u00f4ng h\u1eefu \u00edch trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng va \u0111\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.
Trong khi s\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fac, th\u00e9p c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n


S\u1eaft c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00e9p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, c\u1ea3 hai kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a khi c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd bong ra. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00e9p. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 phoi ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t n\u00e0o ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n, v\u00ec v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng, th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, n\u01a1i crom v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n


T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung sai c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1edbp ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f3 gia c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3i chung, kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p kim cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p.
Gang th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n th\u00e9p. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac graphit trong gang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. S\u1eaft c\u1ee9ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eaft tr\u1eafng, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 gia c\u00f4ng v\u00ec t\u00ednh gi\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.
\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 c\u1eaft, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n. Th\u00e9p c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon cao c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n


Gang th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n th\u00e9p \u0111\u00fac v\u00ec chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Th\u00e9p th\u00f4 \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed thay th\u1ebf c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00fac. V\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.
Th\u00e9p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00fac s\u1eb5n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m, thanh, thanh, \u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 d\u1ea7m, n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00e9p hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.
Hao m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf
Gang th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00e9p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng graphit cao h\u01a1n trong gang t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n kh\u00f4 graphit, l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1eafn tr\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u1edbi nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.
Th\u00e9p d\u1ec5 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n h\u01a1n s\u1eaft, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 gia h\u1ee3p kim c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gang v\u00e0 th\u00e9p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n


Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea1ng gang c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t (gang x\u00e1m) v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p \u0111\u00fac (th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p cacbon), nh\u01b0ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac pha c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, cacbon trong s\u1eaft x\u00e1m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1edf d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea3y than ch\u00ec s\u1eafc n\u00e9t, trong khi s\u1eaft d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac graphit h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u h\u01a1n. Graphit d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea3y l\u00e0m cho s\u1eaft x\u00e1m tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00f2n, trong khi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t graphit tr\u00f2n trong s\u1eaft d\u1ea1ng n\u1ed1t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp.
H\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o s\u1eaft v\u00e0 th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, mangan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai, trong khi crom c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon kh\u00e1c nhau c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u00e9p carbon th\u1ea5p, th\u00e9p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u00e9p carbon cao. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon cao s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cast iron and steel may look very similar on the surface, and they have different advantages and disadvantages from production to application. Understanding these advantages and disadvantages, and choosing the right ones may mean unforgivable differences between strength and durability and cracked or deformed parts, which can quickly lose luster. Carbon content Both iron and…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19473,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/1.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18366"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18366"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18366\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18366"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18366"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18366"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}