{"id":20565,"date":"2021-06-16T01:19:03","date_gmt":"2021-06-16T01:19:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=20565"},"modified":"2021-10-11T06:06:03","modified_gmt":"2021-10-11T06:06:03","slug":"what-cause-risks-of-unexpected-breakage-on-maching-tool","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/cai-gi-nguyen-nhan-rui-ro-cua-bat-ngo-vo-tren-ban-do-cong-cu\/","title":{"rendered":"Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro v\u1ee1 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ean Maching Tool?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1) Thu g\u1ecdn vi m\u00f4 c\u1ea1nh c\u1eaft<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, g\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra rung \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0i c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb x\u1eb9p vi m\u00f4, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng m\u00e9p xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft x\u1eb9p nh\u1ecf, v\u1ebft kh\u00eda ho\u1eb7c bong tr\u00f3c. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eaft, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee1i b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhanh ch\u00f3ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2) S\u1ee9t m\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eaft<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1eaft t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 vi m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 vi m\u00f4. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a dao g\u00e3y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi g\u00e3y vi m\u00f4 l\u00e0m cho dao m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eaft v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7u dao b\u1ecb g\u00e3y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 r\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7u dao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3) L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao ho\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1eaft qu\u00e1 x\u1ea5u, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eaft qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng va \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. Khi h\u00e0n v\u00e0 m\u00e0i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 trong l\u01b0\u1ee1i, v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, l\u01b0\u1ee1i ho\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb g\u00e3y. Sau lo\u1ea1i h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng n\u00e0y, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4) B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u01b0\u1ee1i bong ra<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 cacbua xi m\u0103ng, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, PCBN c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tic cao, l\u1edbp b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c do khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t do h\u00e0n v\u00e0 m\u00e0i c\u1ea1nh . S\u1ef1 bong tr\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 dao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf m\u1eb7t sau. V\u1eadt bong tr\u00f3c b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch bong tr\u00f3c l\u1edbn. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bong tr\u00f3c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 cao. Sau khi l\u01b0\u1ee1i b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c nh\u1eb9, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eaft s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i sau khi b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5) Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1eaft<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng th\u1ea5p, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p v\u00e0 th\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Khi cacbua xi m\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e9n ba chi\u1ec1u, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u1eb9p xu\u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eaft l\u1edbn v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd. M\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a cacbua xim\u0103ng g\u1ed1c TiC nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a cacbua xim\u0103ng g\u1ed1c WC, do \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo nhanh h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c. Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a PCD v\u00e0 PCBN s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6) V\u1ebft n\u1ee9t n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t xen k\u1ebd, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi ti\u1ebft c\u1eaft s\u1ebd sinh ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t xen k\u1ebd do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00e0 co nhi\u1ec7t l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t do m\u1ecfi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi dao phay cacbua \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phay t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, r\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t xen k\u1ebd, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t r\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng xen k\u1ebd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t xen k\u1ebd, do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. Ngo\u00e0i ra, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u1edf ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, do \u0111\u00f3, l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t. \u0110\u00f4i khi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian sau khi v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00f4i khi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00e0m cho l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao b\u1ecb g\u00e3y ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u01b0\u1ee1i b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111eo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

theo l\u00fd do m\u00f2n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1) m\u00e0i m\u00f2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. S\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i gai kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft th\u1ea5p, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ee3i gai c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2) H\u00e0n l\u1ea1nh m\u00f2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh gi\u1eefa ph\u00f4i, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft v\u00e0 dao c\u1eaft tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n ngu\u1ed9i. Do s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p ma s\u00e1t, v\u1eadt h\u00e0n ngu\u1ed9i s\u1ebd sinh ra \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y v\u00e0 b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n \u0111i m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda, l\u00e0m m\u00f2n v\u1eadt h\u00e0n ngu\u1ed9i. S\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt h\u00e0n ngu\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft trung b\u00ecnh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y kim lo\u1ea1i gi\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u00e0n ngu\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ebbo; Kim lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u pha nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u; Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0n ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb; Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0n ngu\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m B v\u00e0 s\u1eaft trong b\u1ea3ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf. Vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n ngu\u1ed9i th\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 cacbua xi m\u0103ng l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng khi c\u1eaft \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3) M\u1eb7c khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the process of cutting and contact between workpiece and tool at high temperature, the chemical elements of both sides spread in solid state, which changed the composition structure of the tool, made the surface of the tool vulnerable and intensified the wear of the tool. The diffusion phenomenon always keeps the object with high depth gradient continuously spreading to the object with low depth gradient. For example, cobalt in cemented carbide will rapidly spread to chip and workpiece at 800 \u2103, and WC is decomposed into tungsten and carbon to steel; When the cutting temperature of PCD tool is higher than 800 \u2103, the carbon atoms in PCD will transfer to the workpiece surface with a great diffusion strength, and the tool surface will be graphitized. The diffusion of cobalt and tungsten is serious, and the diffusion resistance of titanium, tantalum and niobium is strong. Therefore, YT cemented carbide has good wear resistance. When the temperature of ceramic and PCBN is as high as 1000 \u2103 -1300 \u2103, diffusion wear is not significant. Because of the same material, the workpiece, chip and tool will generate thermal potential in the contact area during cutting. This thermoelectric potential can promote diffusion and accelerate the wear of the tool. This kind of diffusion wear under the action of thermoelectric potential is called “thermoelectric wear”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4) m\u00e0i m\u00f2n \u00f4xy h\u00f3a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o ra oxit m\u1ec1m, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do ma s\u00e1t phoi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f2n oxy h\u00f3a. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, oxy trong kh\u00ed \u1edf 700 \u2103 ~ 800 \u2103 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi coban, cacbua v\u00e0 titan cacbua trong cacbua xi m\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u00f4x\u00edt m\u1ec1m; Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a PCBN v\u1edbi h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf 1000 \u2103<\/p>\n\n\n\n

theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1eb7c, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi c\u1eaft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ebbo v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn, m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u00f2n th\u00e0nh r\u0103ng c\u01b0a l\u01b0\u1ee1i li\u1ec1m d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft phoi n\u00ean c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f2n r\u00e3nh l\u01b0\u1ee1i li\u1ec1m. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, g\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c cu\u1ed9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9t phoi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi r\u00e3nh l\u01b0\u1ee1i li\u1ec1m t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft s\u1ebd y\u1ebfu \u0111i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra g\u00e3y v\u00e0 h\u1ecfng l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft. Khi c\u1eaft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u00f2n, ho\u1eb7c c\u1eaft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u1eaft m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1ee1i li\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u1ee1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u0169i dao l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng cung c\u1ee7a m\u0169i v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t sau li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u01b0\u1ee1i sau c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. Do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t n\u00ean t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n nhanh h\u01a1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u01b0\u1ee1i sau. \u0110\u00f4i khi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t dao c\u1eaft c\u1eb7p, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f2n r\u00e3nh. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do l\u1edbp c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gia c\u00f4ng. Khi c\u1eaft c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1eaft c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00f3a c\u1ee9ng l\u1edbn, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb m\u00f2n r\u00e3nh l\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u0169i dao c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e1y c\u1eaft ph\u00eda sau<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi c\u1eaft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u1eaft l\u1edbn, m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a dao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ph\u00f4i do c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5c phoi. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1eb7t sau th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ph\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111ai m\u00f2n v\u1edbi g\u00f3c ph\u00eda sau b\u1eb1ng 0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau. N\u00f3i chung, \u1edf gi\u1eefa chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t sau l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng VB c\u1ee7a chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng \u0111ai m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft sau. Do \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1eaft kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u1eaft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c c\u1eaft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u1eaft nh\u1ecf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a dao ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n m\u1eb7t sau, \u0111o chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng VB c\u1ee7a \u0111ai m\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00ean VB th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. VB c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft, g\u00e2y ra dao \u0111\u1ed9ng khi c\u1eaft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u1ea7u dao, do \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1) Theo \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Theo ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2) C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh g\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 g\u00f3c sau, g\u00f3c l\u1ec7ch ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5, g\u00f3c nghi\u00eang c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c g\u00f3c kh\u00e1c;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t. M\u00e0i h\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n v\u00e1t \u00e2m tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ecb r\u01a1i;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3) \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n v\u00e0 m\u00e0i, v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt do h\u00e0n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 m\u00e0i c\u1ea1nh. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4) L\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft qu\u00e1 cao, tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5) H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 rung;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6) Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd g\u00e3y d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1) Nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i qu\u00e1 m\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gi\u00f2n khi gia c\u00f4ng th\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n u\u1ed1n cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i ho\u1eb7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t l\u01b0\u1ee1i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2) C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a dao kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 g\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2460 Gi\u1ea3m g\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 g\u00f3c sau h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2461 G\u00f3c l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft \u00e2m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2462 Gi\u1ea3m g\u00f3c l\u1ec7ch ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2463 \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e1t m\u00e9p \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea1nh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2464 S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 m\u00e0i l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3) Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, g\u00e2y ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t h\u00e0n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2460 Tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00e3nh l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft kh\u00e9p k\u00edn ba c\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2461 Ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2462 Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng v\u1eadt h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda oxyacetylene v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u1ea5m sau khi h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2463 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac k\u1eb9p c\u01a1 kh\u00ed c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4) \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e0i v\u00e0 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t do m\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p; \u0110\u1ed9 rung c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng sau khi m\u00e0i dao phay PCBN qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn l\u00e0m cho t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng r\u0103ng qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eadp dao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2460 Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0i gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0i kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2461 \u0110\u00e1 m\u00e0i m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2462 Ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed9 rung v\u00e0 l\u1eafc c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng m\u00e1y c\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5) L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ecb nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n; Khi c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft qu\u00e1 cao, ti\u1ebfn dao qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 dung sai tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1eaft qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf; Khi c\u1eaft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p mangan cao, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn dao qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6) Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n do b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c do l\u01b0\u1ee1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ra l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 k\u1eb9p c\u01a1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2460 C\u1eaft b\u1edbt ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh dao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2461 V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a v\u00f2i phun dung d\u1ecbch c\u1eaft c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2462 Thanh c\u1eaft c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m cacbua xi m\u0103ng d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7) C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8) D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, khi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft b\u1ecb n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2460 T\u0103ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2461 V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a v\u00f2i phun dung d\u1ecbch c\u1eaft c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t phun \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u2463 C\u1eaft * \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    9) D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft qu\u00e1 cao ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p; Dao phay cu\u1ed1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Trang b\u1ecb l\u1ea1i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    10) \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u00e1 k\u00e9m, g\u00e2y ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u rung \u0111\u1ed9ng khi c\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2460 T\u0103ng gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng k\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2461 Gi\u1ea3m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i nh\u00f4 ra c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2462 Gi\u1ea3m g\u00f3c sau c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2463 C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n rung \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    11) V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: dao c\u1eaft t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa ph\u00f4i, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh; D\u1eebng l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i con dao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4 \u3001 Kh\u1ed1i u chip<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1) Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u1ede ph\u1ea7n g\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a phoi dao c\u1eaft r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, do \u0111\u00f3 kim lo\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a phoi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o thung l\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u vi m\u00f4 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t dao c\u1eaft ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kim lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khe h\u1edf v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft x\u1ea3y ra. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac phoi dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft. Trong v\u00f9ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecfng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a phoi. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a phoi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. V\u1edbi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a chip, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecdng s\u1ebd tr\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi l\u1edbp tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a chip, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u chip. Sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1eaft \u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 hai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, l\u1edbp c\u1eb7n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2) \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2460 \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao g\u1ea5p 1,5-2,0 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f4i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u00e0i m\u00f2n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n ch\u1ea3y qua v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y m\u00f2n m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a dao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2461 G\u00f3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a dao t\u0103ng l\u00ean sau khi t\u1ea1o phoi, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng phoi v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2462 Do c\u00e1c c\u1ee5c phoi nh\u00f4 ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft, chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1eaft th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u0103ng l\u00ean, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2463 The chip deposit will cause “ploughing” phenomenon on the surface of the workpiece, which will affect the surface roughness of the workpiece. \u2464 The debris of the chip tumor will bond or embed into the surface of the workpiece, which will cause hard points, which will affect the quality of the machined surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y kh\u1ed1i u t\u00edch t\u1ee5 phoi kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3) C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ed1i u phoi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1eefa v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1y v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2460 Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t dao tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2461 T\u0103ng g\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2462 Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2463 C\u1eaft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c c\u1eaft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh phoi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2464 \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2465 Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1eaft c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1eaft c\u1ef1c \u00e1p v\u1edbi l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 clo) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    The performance of tool breakage 1) Cutting edge micro collapse When the material structure, hardness and allowance of workpiece are not uniform, the front angle is too large, the cutting edge strength is low, the rigidity of the process system is insufficient to produce vibration, or intermittent cutting is carried out. If the grinding quality…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20565"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20565"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20565\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}