{"id":20704,"date":"2021-08-18T01:25:14","date_gmt":"2021-08-18T01:25:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=20704"},"modified":"2021-08-18T01:25:15","modified_gmt":"2021-08-18T01:25:15","slug":"how-to-make-metal-micro-powder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/cach-che-tao-kim-loai-bot\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 "Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o" B\u1ed9t vi kim lo\u1ea1i?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Luy\u1ec7n kim b\u1ed9t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i (ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 phi kim lo\u1ea1i) l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 nung k\u1ebft. L\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, luy\u1ec7n kim, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. B\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh luy\u1ec7n kim b\u1ed9t. S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh luy\u1ec7n kim b\u1ed9t.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1mm. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 sau: c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t 1000 ~ 50 \u00b5 m l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng; 50 ~ 10 \u00b5 m b\u1ed9t m\u1ecbn; 10 ~ 0,5 \u00b5 m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t r\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn <0,5 \u00b5 m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn; 0,1 ~ 100nm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t nano. M\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t b\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u tinh th\u1ec3, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng theo ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a l\u00fd. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i r\u1eafn, l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed, nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau. Cacbua, nitrua, borit v\u00e0 silicua c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u1eed. Do c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t. V\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m luy\u1ec7n kim b\u1ed9t, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t b\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf b\u1ed9t c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 kim lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n bi, nghi\u1ec1n bi, c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y cao m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phay bi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi l\u0103n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phay bi rung. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf do bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf h\u1ee3p kim sb, Cr, Mn, Fe Cr v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u01afu nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m: n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao. N\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho nghi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n \u01b0\u1edbt. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf b\u1ed9t.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
2.1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
2.1.1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phay bi<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n